[Length 6.25 in. Wingspan 9.25 in.]

This Dark-eyed (Pink-sided) Junco was photographed at Ghost Ranch Conference Center, Abiquiu, New Mexico, USA. Photo taken with a AF-S VR Zoom-Nikkor 80-400mm f/4.5-5.6G IF-ED lens on a Nikon D7100 camera. (Date: October 18, 2013)

[Length 6.25 in. Wingspan 9.25 in.]

Except for the pink bill, white belly, and white outer tail feathers, the Dark-eyed Junco has a considerable amount of variation in its plumage across its wide range (throughout Canada and much of the US). Each of these plumage variations was formerly considered a separate species. The birds in the east were called Slate-colored Juncos. They are a dark, slate-color above and on the upper breast and throat. The birds along the edges of western coniferous forests were called Pink-sided Juncos. They have a light gray head, throat, and upper breast, with a brownish wash on the back and light salmon along the sides. The birds of the moist western coniferous forests were called Oregon Juncos. They have a dark head, throat, and upper breast, but are a chestnut-brown color on the back, with a wash of lighter brown along the sides. Birds in the Rocky Mountains were called Gray-headed Juncos. They look like a cross between the Slate-colored and Oregon Juncos, having a lighter gray head, throat, and upper breast, with a brownish back. A very small population of White-winged Juncos in the Black Hills of western South Dakota and eastern Wyoming are like the Slate-colored Juncos, but show faint white wingbars. The bird pictured is a Slate-colored Junco. This one was photographed near a feeder in central New Jersey, USA. Photo taken with a Celestron 750mm f5.6 mirror lens on Ektachrome 200 film. (Date: April 1976)

[Length 6.25 in. Wingspan 9.25 in.]

This "Slate-colored" Dark-eyed Junco was photographed during winter along the central coast of New Jersey, USA. Photo taken with a Nikkor 300mm ED f4.5 lens on Ektachrome 200 film. (Date: November 1983)

[Length 6.25 in. Wingspan 10 in.]

This Yellow-eyed Junco was photographed at the Southwest Research Station, Portal, Arizona, USA. Photo taken with a AF-S VR Zoom-Nikkor 80-400mm f/4.5-5.6G IF-ED lens on a Nikon D7100 camera. (Date: June 25, 2013)

[Length 6.25 in. Wingspan 10 in.]

This Yellow-eyed Junco was photographed at the Southwest Research Station, Portal, Arizona, USA. Photo taken with a AF-S VR Zoom-Nikkor 80-400mm f/4.5-5.6G IF-ED lens on a Nikon D7100 camera. (Date: June 25, 2013)

[Length 6.25 in. Wingspan 10 in.]

This Yellow-eyed Junco was photographed on Mt. Lemmon near Tucson, Arizona, USA. Photo taken with a Nikkor 300mm ED f4.5 lens on Ektachrome 200 film. (Date: May 1985)

[Length 6 in. Wingspan 10.5 in.]

This Chestnut-collared Longspur was photographed at south Van Tassell Road, Van Tassell, Wyoming, . Photo taken with a AF-S VR Nikkor 200-500mm f/5.6 IF-ED lens on a Nikon D7100 camera. (Date: July 07, 2018)

[Length 6 in. Wingspan 10.5 in.]

This male Chestnut-collared Longspur springing into flight was photographed on the Pawnee National Grasslands in northern Colorado, USA. Photo taken with a Nikkor 500mm f8.0 mirror lens on Ektachrome 800 film. (Date: May 1986)